| 张春峰,钱程,马焰.江阴市某小学学生流感疫苗接种行为及影响因素分析[J].安徽医药,2026,30(6):1254-1258. |
| 江阴市某小学学生流感疫苗接种行为及影响因素分析 |
| Analysis of influenza vaccination behaviors and influencing factors in a primary school in Jiangyin |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1009-6469.2026.06.038 |
| 中文关键词: 流感疫苗 大规模疫苗接种 小学 学生 影响因素 |
| 英文关键词: Influenza vaccines Mass vaccination Primary school Student Influencing factor |
| 基金项目:江阴市卫生健康委员会科研面上项目( M202315) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的分析江阴市某小学学生流感疫苗接种行为，探讨其影响因素，为提高学校疫苗接种率提供依据。方法 采用整群抽样方法于2023年6月选择江阴市山观实验小学所有学生作为调查对象，对其家长进行2022—2023年流感季学生流感疫苗接种行为的网络问卷调查，采用χ2 检验进行单因素筛选，采用logistic回归模型进行流感疫苗接种行为的多因素分析。结果 累计调查2 895名学生家长，回收有效问卷2 607份，2022—2023年流感季江阴市该小学学生流感疫苗接种率为27.16%(708/2 607)。logistic多因素回归分析显示，学生学段［小学中年级OR=0.75，95%CI:(0.60，0.94)；小学高年级OR=0.67，95%CI:(0.53，0.84)］、调查问卷报告者的身份［父亲OR=1.90，95%CI:(1.54，2.23)；其他OR=2.21，95%CI:(1.04，4.71)］、流感对健康危害的认知［中度OR=1.30，95%CI:(1.00，1.68)；重度OR=1.85，95%CI:(1.33，2.57)］、是否相信接种疫苗能预防流感［OR=12.68，95%CI:(9.10，17.66)］是影响2022—2023年流感季学生流感疫苗接种行为的主要因素。1 899名家长没有为孩子接种流感疫苗的主要原因是“担心疫苗不良反应”(35.33%)、“担心不能有效预防流感”(19.67%)、“身体状况导致无法前往门诊接种”(18.64%)。1 074名家长同意为孩子接种流感疫苗，但最终有366名(34.08%)孩子并没有接种，原因主要是“身体状况导致无法前往门诊接种”(57.92%)和“担心疫苗不良反应”(19.67%)。结论 江阴市小学学生流感季流感疫苗接种率较高。但仍需通过加强政策支持、开展健康教育、完善预防接种异常反应补偿机制、提升预防接种服务能力等综合性措施来进一步提升学生流感疫苗接种率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the influenza vaccination behavior of students in a primary school in Jiangyin and to explore the in.fluencing factors, providing a basis for improving the vaccination rate in schools.Method A cluster sampling method was used in June2023 to select all students and their parents from Shanguan Experimental Primary School in Jiangyin for an online questionnaire surveyregarding influenza vaccine uptake during the 2022-2023 influenza season. Chi-square tests were used for univariate analysis, and a lo.gistic regression model was applied for the multivariate analysis of influenza vaccination behavior.Results A total of 2 895 parents ofstudents were surveyed, and 2 607 valid questionnaires were recovered, indicating that the influenza vaccine coverage rate among stu.dents in a certain primary school in Jiangyin during the 2022-2023 influenza season was 27.16% (708/2 607). Logistic multivariate re.gression analysis revealed that the main factors influencing the influenza vaccination behavior of students during the 2022-2023 influ. enza season included grade level [OR=0.75 in intermediate grades group, 95%CI: (0.60, 0.94); OR=0.67 in upper grades group, 95%CI: (0.53, 0.84)], the identity of the survey questionnaire reporter [OR=1.90 in father group, 95%CI: (1.54, 2.23); OR=2.21 in other group, 95%CI: (1.04, 4.71)], perception of the health risks posed by influenza [OR=1.30 in moderate group, 95%CI: (1.00, 1.68); OR=1.85 in severe group, 95%CI: (1.33, 2.57)], and belief in the effectiveness of vaccination in preventing influenza [OR=12.68, 95%CI: (9.10,17.66)]. Among the 1 899 parents who did not have their children vaccinated against the flu, the main reasons were "concern about ad.verse vaccine reactions" (35.33%), "concern about the vaccine's inability to effectively prevent the flu" (19.67%), and "health condi.tions preventing them from visiting the clinic for the vaccination" (18.64%). A total of 1 074 parents agreed to have their children vacci. nated against the flu, but 366 children (34.08%) did not actually get the vaccination, the primary reasons were "health conditions pre.venting them from visiting the clinic for the vaccination" (57.92%) and "concern about adverse vaccine reactions" (19.67%).Conclu. sions The influenza vaccination rate among primary school students in Jiangyin is relatively high during the flu season. However, itstill needs to be further improved through comprehensive measures, including strengthening policy support, conducting health educa.tion, improving the compensation mechanism for abnormal reactions to vaccinations, and enhancing the service capacity for vaccina.tions. |
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